Media

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概述

本文档介绍了WordPress中媒体功能的核心概念，包括媒体的上传、存储和显示方式，以及如何通过代码检索附件ID或图像ID。面向主题开发者，帮助自定义平台的媒体能力。

关键要点

媒体文件可以通过管理屏幕的Media > Add New或文章/页面编辑器中的Add Media按钮上传，上传时可能自动附加到当前文章。
使用get_posts()或get_children()函数检索附件ID，示例代码展示了如何获取当前文章的所有附件及其元数据。
媒体库支持多种文件格式上传，包括图像、视频、音频、文本文件等，但单站点管理员默认无unfiltered_upload能力。

代码示例

// Insert into the Loop
$args = array(
    'post_parent'    => get_the_ID(),
    'post_type'      => 'attachment',
);
$attachments = get_posts( $args );
if ( $attachments ) {
    foreach ( $attachments as $attachment ) {
        $meta_data = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $attachment->ID, false );
    }
}

注意事项

如果无法通过get_posts()或get_children()检索到附件，请检查媒体是否确实附加到文章，可在媒体库的“Uploaded to”列确认。
音频和视频文件由MediaElement.js库处理，确保兼容支持的格式。

📄 原文内容

WordPress enables theme developers to customize the look, feel, and functionality of the platform’s core media capabilities.

General

In WordPress you can upload, store, and display a variety of media such as image, video and audio files. Media can be uploaded via the Media > Add New in the Administration Screen, or Add Media button on the Post/Page Editor.

If a media file is uploaded within the edit screen, it will be automatically attached to the current post being created or edited. If it is uploaded via the Media’s Add New Screen or the Media Library Screen, it will be unattached, but may become attached to a post when it is inserted into a post later on.

Retrieving attachment ID or image ID

To retrieve the attachment ID, use <a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_posts/">get_posts()</a> or <a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_children/">get_children()</a> function. This example retrieves the all attachments of the current post and getting all metadata of attachment by specifying the ID.

// Insert into the Loop
$args = array(
    'post_parent'    => get_the_ID(),
    'post_type'      => 'attachment',
);
$attachments = get_posts( $args );
if ( $attachments ) {
    foreach ( $attachments as $attachment ) {
        $meta_data = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $attachment->ID, false );
    }
}

If you want to retrieve images from the post ID only, specify post_mime_type as image.

$args = array(
    'post_parent'    => get_the_ID(),
    'post_type'      => 'attachment',
    'post_mime_type' => 'image',
);

References

<a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_posts/">get_posts()</a>
<a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_children/">get_children()</a>
<a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_get_attachment_metadata/">wp_get_attachment_metadata()</a>

Special considerations

Compatible media formats

In the Media Library, you can upload any file (with the network administrator’s unfiltered_upload) and not just images or videos but text files, office documents or even binary files. Single site administrators do not have the unfiltered_upload capability by default and requires that definition to be set for the capability to kick in. Audio and Video files are processed by the internal library MediaElement.js.

Troubleshooting:

Cannot retrieve attachment

When you cannot get your attached media by <a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_posts/">get_posts()</a> or <a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_children/">get_children()</a> function, confirm your media is really attached to the post.
From the Administration Screen, Click Media > Library to open the Media Library and confirm the value in “Uploaded to” column of the media.

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