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function wp_validate_auth_cookie( $cookie = '', $scheme = '' ) {
	$cookie_elements = wp_parse_auth_cookie( $cookie, $scheme );
	if ( ! $cookie_elements ) {
		/**
		 * Fires if an authentication cookie is malformed.
		 *
		 * @since 2.7.0
		 *
		 * @param string $cookie Malformed auth cookie.
		 * @param string $scheme Authentication scheme. Values include 'auth', 'secure_auth',
		 *                       or 'logged_in'.
		 */
		do_action( 'auth_cookie_malformed', $cookie, $scheme );
		return false;
	}

	$scheme     = $cookie_elements['scheme'];
	$username   = $cookie_elements['username'];
	$hmac       = $cookie_elements['hmac'];
	$token      = $cookie_elements['token'];
	$expiration = $cookie_elements['expiration'];

	$expired = (int) $expiration;

	// Allow a grace period for POST and Ajax requests.
	if ( wp_doing_ajax() || 'POST' === $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] ) {
		$expired += HOUR_IN_SECONDS;
	}

	// Quick check to see if an honest cookie has expired.
	if ( $expired < time() ) {
		/**
		 * Fires once an authentication cookie has expired.
		 *
		 * @since 2.7.0
		 *
		 * @param string[] $cookie_elements {
		 *     Authentication cookie components. None of the components should be assumed
		 *     to be valid as they come directly from a client-provided cookie value.
		 *
		 *     @type string $username   User's username.
		 *     @type string $expiration The time the cookie expires as a UNIX timestamp.
		 *     @type string $token      User's session token used.
		 *     @type string $hmac       The security hash for the cookie.
		 *     @type string $scheme     The cookie scheme to use.
		 * }
		 */
		do_action( 'auth_cookie_expired', $cookie_elements );
		return false;
	}

	$user = get_user_by( 'login', $username );
	if ( ! $user ) {
		/**
		 * Fires if a bad username is entered in the user authentication process.
		 *
		 * @since 2.7.0
		 *
		 * @param string[] $cookie_elements {
		 *     Authentication cookie components. None of the components should be assumed
		 *     to be valid as they come directly from a client-provided cookie value.
		 *
		 *     @type string $username   User's username.
		 *     @type string $expiration The time the cookie expires as a UNIX timestamp.
		 *     @type string $token      User's session token used.
		 *     @type string $hmac       The security hash for the cookie.
		 *     @type string $scheme     The cookie scheme to use.
		 * }
		 */
		do_action( 'auth_cookie_bad_username', $cookie_elements );
		return false;
	}

	if ( str_starts_with( $user->user_pass, '$P$' ) || str_starts_with( $user->user_pass, '$2y$' ) ) {
		// Retain previous behaviour of phpass or vanilla bcrypt hashed passwords.
		$pass_frag = substr( $user->user_pass, 8, 4 );
	} else {
		// Otherwise, use a substring from the end of the hash to avoid dealing with potentially long hash prefixes.
		$pass_frag = substr( $user->user_pass, -4 );
	}

	$key = wp_hash( $username . '|' . $pass_frag . '|' . $expiration . '|' . $token, $scheme );

	$hash = hash_hmac( 'sha256', $username . '|' . $expiration . '|' . $token, $key );

	if ( ! hash_equals( $hash, $hmac ) ) {
		/**
		 * Fires if a bad authentication cookie hash is encountered.
		 *
		 * @since 2.7.0
		 *
		 * @param string[] $cookie_elements {
		 *     Authentication cookie components. None of the components should be assumed
		 *     to be valid as they come directly from a client-provided cookie value.
		 *
		 *     @type string $username   User's username.
		 *     @type string $expiration The time the cookie expires as a UNIX timestamp.
		 *     @type string $token      User's session token used.
		 *     @type string $hmac       The security hash for the cookie.
		 *     @type string $scheme     The cookie scheme to use.
		 * }
		 */
		do_action( 'auth_cookie_bad_hash', $cookie_elements );
		return false;
	}

	$manager = WP_Session_Tokens::get_instance( $user->ID );
	if ( ! $manager->verify( $token ) ) {
		/**
		 * Fires if a bad session token is encountered.
		 *
		 * @since 4.0.0
		 *
		 * @param string[] $cookie_elements {
		 *     Authentication cookie components. None of the components should be assumed
		 *     to be valid as they come directly from a client-provided cookie value.
		 *
		 *     @type string $username   User's username.
		 *     @type string $expiration The time the cookie expires as a UNIX timestamp.
		 *     @type string $token      User's session token used.
		 *     @type string $hmac       The security hash for the cookie.
		 *     @type string $scheme     The cookie scheme to use.
		 * }
		 */
		do_action( 'auth_cookie_bad_session_token', $cookie_elements );
		return false;
	}

	// Ajax/POST grace period set above.
	if ( $expiration < time() ) {
		$GLOBALS['login_grace_period'] = 1;
	}

	/**
	 * Fires once an authentication cookie has been validated.
	 *
	 * @since 2.7.0
	 *
	 * @param string[] $cookie_elements {
	 *     Authentication cookie components.
	 *
	 *     @type string $username   User's username.
	 *     @type string $expiration The time the cookie expires as a UNIX timestamp.
	 *     @type string $token      User's session token used.
	 *     @type string $hmac       The security hash for the cookie.
	 *     @type string $scheme     The cookie scheme to use.
	 * }
	 * @param WP_User  $user            User object.
	 */
	do_action( 'auth_cookie_valid', $cookie_elements, $user );

	return $user->ID;
}

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