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function fetch_feed( $url ) {
	if ( ! class_exists( 'SimplePieSimplePie', false ) ) {
		require_once ABSPATH . WPINC . '/class-simplepie.php';
	}

	require_once ABSPATH . WPINC . '/class-wp-feed-cache-transient.php';
	require_once ABSPATH . WPINC . '/class-wp-simplepie-file.php';
	require_once ABSPATH . WPINC . '/class-wp-simplepie-sanitize-kses.php';

	$feed = new SimplePieSimplePie();

	$feed->get_registry()->register( SimplePieSanitize::class, 'WP_SimplePie_Sanitize_KSES', true );

	/*
	 * We must manually overwrite $feed->sanitize because SimplePie's constructor
	 * sets it before we have a chance to set the sanitization class.
	 */
	$feed->sanitize = new WP_SimplePie_Sanitize_KSES();

	// Register the cache handler using the recommended method for SimplePie 1.3 or later.
	if ( method_exists( 'SimplePie_Cache', 'register' ) ) {
		SimplePie_Cache::register( 'wp_transient', 'WP_Feed_Cache_Transient' );
		$feed->set_cache_location( 'wp_transient' );
	} else {
		// Back-compat for SimplePie 1.2.x.
		require_once ABSPATH . WPINC . '/class-wp-feed-cache.php';
		$feed->set_cache_class( 'WP_Feed_Cache' );
	}

	$feed->get_registry()->register( SimplePieFile::class, 'WP_SimplePie_File', true );

	/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/class-wp-feed-cache-transient.php */
	$feed->set_cache_duration( apply_filters( 'wp_feed_cache_transient_lifetime', 12 * HOUR_IN_SECONDS, $url ) );

	/**
	 * Fires just before processing the SimplePie feed object.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 *
	 * @param SimplePieSimplePie $feed SimplePie feed object (passed by reference).
	 * @param string|string[]     $url  URL of feed or array of URLs of feeds to retrieve.
	 */
	do_action_ref_array( 'wp_feed_options', array( &$feed, $url ) );

	if ( empty( $url ) ) {
		/*
		 * @todo: Set $url to empty string once supported by SimplePie.
		 *
		 * The early return without proceeding is to work around a PHP 8.5
		 * deprecation issue resolved in https://github.com/simplepie/simplepie/pull/949
		 *
		 * To avoid the duplicate code, this block can be replaced with `$url = '';` once SimplePie
		 * is upgraded to a version that includes the fix.
		 */
		$feed->init();
		$feed->set_output_encoding( get_bloginfo( 'charset' ) );

		if ( $feed->error() ) {
			return new WP_Error( 'simplepie-error', $feed->error() );
		}

		return $feed;
	} elseif ( is_array( $url ) && count( $url ) === 1 ) {
		$url = array_shift( $url );
	} elseif ( is_array( $url ) ) {
		$feeds            = array();
		$simplepie_errors = array();
		foreach ( $url as $feed_url ) {
			$simplepie_instance = clone $feed;
			$simplepie_instance->set_feed_url( $feed_url );
			$simplepie_instance->init();
			$simplepie_instance->set_output_encoding( get_bloginfo( 'charset' ) );

			if ( $simplepie_instance->error() ) {
				$simplepie_errors[] = sprintf(
					/* translators: %1$s is the feed URL, %2$s is the error message. */
					__( 'Error fetching feed %1$s: %2$s' ),
					esc_url( $feed_url ),
					$simplepie_instance->error()
				);
				unset( $simplepie_instance );
				continue;
			}

			$feeds[] = $simplepie_instance;
			unset( $simplepie_instance );
		}

		if ( ! empty( $simplepie_errors ) ) {
			return new WP_Error( 'simplepie-error', $simplepie_errors );
		}

		$feed->init();
		$feed->data['items'] = SimplePieSimplePie::merge_items( $feeds );
		return $feed;
	}

	$feed->set_feed_url( $url );
	$feed->init();
	$feed->set_output_encoding( get_bloginfo( 'charset' ) );

	if ( $feed->error() ) {
		return new WP_Error( 'simplepie-error', $feed->error() );
	}

	return $feed;
}

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