delete_metadata()
云策文档标注
概述
delete_metadata() 函数用于删除指定对象的元数据。它支持多种对象类型,如博客、文章、评论等,并允许根据元键和元值进行精确删除或批量删除。
关键要点
- 函数参数包括 $meta_type(对象类型)、$object_id(对象ID)、$meta_key(元键)、$meta_value(元值,可选)和 $delete_all(是否删除所有匹配项)。
- 元键和元值在输入时需进行“斜杠转义”,函数内部使用 wp_unslash() 处理。
- 通过 $delete_all 参数可控制是否忽略 $object_id 删除所有对象的匹配元数据。
- 函数返回布尔值,成功删除返回 true,失败返回 false。
- 包含多个钩子,如 delete_{$meta_type}_metadata 用于短路删除,delete_{$meta_type}_meta 和 deleted_{$meta_type}_meta 用于动作触发。
- 内部使用 _get_meta_table() 获取元数据表,并处理序列化和缓存清除。
代码示例
// 删除所有具有特定元键的元数据(例如在插件卸载时清理CPT元数据)
$meta_type = 'post';
$object_id = 0;
$meta_key = 'my_meta_key';
$meta_value = '';
$delete_all = true;
delete_metadata( $meta_type, $object_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $delete_all );注意事项
- 当 $meta_value 为空字符串时,会跳过值检查,删除所有匹配 $meta_key 的元数据,需谨慎使用以避免意外删除。
- 建议在删除特定键值对前检查 $meta_value 是否非空,以确保安全操作。
原文内容
Deletes metadata for the specified object.
Description
For historical reasons both the meta key and the meta value are expected to be “slashed” (slashes escaped) on input.
Parameters
$meta_typestringrequired-
Type of object metadata is for. Accepts
'blog','post','comment','term','user', or any other object type with an associated meta table. $object_idintrequired-
ID of the object metadata is for.
$meta_keystringrequired-
Metadata key.
$meta_valuemixedoptional-
Metadata value. Must be serializable if non-scalar.
If specified, only delete metadata entries with this value.
Otherwise, delete all entries with the specified meta_key.
Passnull,false, or an empty string to skip this check.
(For backward compatibility, it is not possible to pass an empty string to delete those entries with an empty string for a value.) Default empty string. $delete_allbooloptional-
If true, delete matching metadata entries for all objects, ignoring the specified object_id. Otherwise, only delete matching metadata entries for the specified object_id.
Default:
false
Source
function delete_metadata( $meta_type, $object_id, $meta_key, $meta_value = '', $delete_all = false ) {
global $wpdb;
if ( ! $meta_type || ! $meta_key || ! is_numeric( $object_id ) && ! $delete_all ) {
return false;
}
$object_id = absint( $object_id );
if ( ! $object_id && ! $delete_all ) {
return false;
}
$table = _get_meta_table( $meta_type );
if ( ! $table ) {
return false;
}
$type_column = sanitize_key( $meta_type . '_id' );
$id_column = ( 'user' === $meta_type ) ? 'umeta_id' : 'meta_id';
// expected_slashed ($meta_key)
$meta_key = wp_unslash( $meta_key );
$meta_value = wp_unslash( $meta_value );
/**
* Short-circuits deleting metadata of a specific type.
*
* The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$meta_type`, refers to the meta object type
* (blog, post, comment, term, user, or any other type with an associated meta table).
* Returning a non-null value will effectively short-circuit the function.
*
* Possible hook names include:
*
* - `delete_blog_metadata`
* - `delete_post_metadata`
* - `delete_comment_metadata`
* - `delete_term_metadata`
* - `delete_user_metadata`
*
* @since 3.1.0
*
* @param null|bool $delete Whether to allow metadata deletion of the given type.
* @param int $object_id ID of the object metadata is for.
* @param string $meta_key Metadata key.
* @param mixed $meta_value Metadata value. Must be serializable if non-scalar.
* @param bool $delete_all Whether to delete the matching metadata entries
* for all objects, ignoring the specified $object_id.
* Default false.
*/
$check = apply_filters( "delete_{$meta_type}_metadata", null, $object_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $delete_all );
if ( null !== $check ) {
return (bool) $check;
}
$_meta_value = $meta_value;
$meta_value = maybe_serialize( $meta_value );
$query = $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT $id_column FROM $table WHERE meta_key = %s", $meta_key );
if ( ! $delete_all ) {
$query .= $wpdb->prepare( " AND $type_column = %d", $object_id );
}
if ( '' !== $meta_value && null !== $meta_value && false !== $meta_value ) {
$query .= $wpdb->prepare( ' AND meta_value = %s', $meta_value );
}
$meta_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $query );
if ( ! count( $meta_ids ) ) {
return false;
}
if ( $delete_all ) {
if ( '' !== $meta_value && null !== $meta_value && false !== $meta_value ) {
$object_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT $type_column FROM $table WHERE meta_key = %s AND meta_value = %s", $meta_key, $meta_value ) );
} else {
$object_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT $type_column FROM $table WHERE meta_key = %s", $meta_key ) );
}
}
/**
* Fires immediately before deleting metadata of a specific type.
*
* The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$meta_type`, refers to the meta object type
* (blog, post, comment, term, user, or any other type with an associated meta table).
*
* Possible hook names include:
*
* - `delete_blog_meta`
* - `delete_post_meta`
* - `delete_comment_meta`
* - `delete_term_meta`
* - `delete_user_meta`
*
* @since 3.1.0
*
* @param string[] $meta_ids An array of metadata entry IDs to delete.
* @param int $object_id ID of the object metadata is for.
* @param string $meta_key Metadata key.
* @param mixed $_meta_value Metadata value.
*/
do_action( "delete_{$meta_type}_meta", $meta_ids, $object_id, $meta_key, $_meta_value );
// Old-style action.
if ( 'post' === $meta_type ) {
/**
* Fires immediately before deleting metadata for a post.
*
* @since 2.9.0
*
* @param string[] $meta_ids An array of metadata entry IDs to delete.
*/
do_action( 'delete_postmeta', $meta_ids );
}
$query = "DELETE FROM $table WHERE $id_column IN( " . implode( ',', $meta_ids ) . ' )';
$count = $wpdb->query( $query );
if ( ! $count ) {
return false;
}
if ( $delete_all ) {
$data = (array) $object_ids;
} else {
$data = array( $object_id );
}
wp_cache_delete_multiple( $data, $meta_type . '_meta' );
/**
* Fires immediately after deleting metadata of a specific type.
*
* The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$meta_type`, refers to the meta object type
* (blog, post, comment, term, user, or any other type with an associated meta table).
*
* Possible hook names include:
*
* - `deleted_blog_meta`
* - `deleted_post_meta`
* - `deleted_comment_meta`
* - `deleted_term_meta`
* - `deleted_user_meta`
*
* @since 2.9.0
*
* @param string[] $meta_ids An array of metadata entry IDs to delete.
* @param int $object_id ID of the object metadata is for.
* @param string $meta_key Metadata key.
* @param mixed $_meta_value Metadata value.
*/
do_action( "deleted_{$meta_type}_meta", $meta_ids, $object_id, $meta_key, $_meta_value );
// Old-style action.
if ( 'post' === $meta_type ) {
/**
* Fires immediately after deleting metadata for a post.
*
* @since 2.9.0
*
* @param string[] $meta_ids An array of metadata entry IDs to delete.
*/
do_action( 'deleted_postmeta', $meta_ids );
}
return true;
}
Hooks
- do_action( ‘deleted_postmeta’, string[] $meta_ids )
-
Fires immediately after deleting metadata for a post.
- do_action( “deleted_{$meta_type}_meta”, string[] $meta_ids, int $object_id, string $meta_key, mixed $_meta_value )
-
Fires immediately after deleting metadata of a specific type.
- do_action( ‘delete_postmeta’, string[] $meta_ids )
-
Fires immediately before deleting metadata for a post.
- do_action( “delete_{$meta_type}_meta”, string[] $meta_ids, int $object_id, string $meta_key, mixed $_meta_value )
-
Fires immediately before deleting metadata of a specific type.
- apply_filters( “delete_{$meta_type}_metadata”, null|bool $delete, int $object_id, string $meta_key, mixed $meta_value, bool $delete_all )
-
Short-circuits deleting metadata of a specific type.
Changelog
| Version | Description |
|---|---|
| 2.9.0 | Introduced. |
Skip to note 3 content
raoabid491
/* * Remove all post meta data for Custom Post Type (CPT) * at the time of uninstall of plugin that created this CPT. * So that plugin do not leave behind any orphan post meta data * related to its CPT. * * You may place this code in uninstall.php file in your plugin root directory. */ $meta_type = 'post'; // since we are deleting data for CPT $object_id = 0; // no need to put id of object since we are deleting all $meta_key = 'my_meta_key'; // Your target meta_key added using update_post_meta() $meta_value = ''; // No need to check for value since we are deleting all $delete_all = true; // This is important to have TRUE to delete all post meta // This will delete all post meta data having the specified key delete_metadata( $meta_type, $object_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $delete_all );Skip to note 4 content
Michelle Blanchette
Be VERY careful when using this function to delete a specific key-value pair. As stated, providing an empty string for
$meta_valuewill cause the check to be skipped entirely, resulting in all keys being deleted!To avoid accidentally deleting ALL key instances, use a short-circuit check:
$value_to_delete = My_Class::get_value(); // may return empty string if ( $value_to_delete != '' && delete_metadata( 'post', 27, 'key', $value_to_delete ) ) { // the key-value pair was safely deleted }